Acacia pennata L. leaves: chemical profiling and impact on DNA damage, alteration of genotoxicity—related genes expression and ROS generation in hepatic tissues of acetaminophen treated male rats

From the phenolic profile of Acacia pennata L. leaves hydromethanolic extract, nine flavonoids were tentatively characterized (liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry), which Kaempferol 3,7-di-O-hexoside, Apigenin 6,8-di-C-hexoside, Luteolin-6-C-pentoside-8-C-hexoside, Apigenin-6-C-hexoside-8-C-pentoside and Apigenin-6-C-pentoside-8-C-hexoside detected for first time from plant. Three doses plant extract (12.5, 25 50 mg/kg bw/d, four weeks treatment) used to assess its protective effect against acetominophen induced genotoxicity in hepatic cells male rats (2 g/kg bw twice per week). A. Acetominophen treated animal groups attenuated DNA damage rates (Comet assay) by 5.6, 6.2 6.4% three doses, respectively, compared with acetaminophen untreated 21.2% 5.8%, respectively. It also decreased fragmentation, significantly down-regulate expression p53 tumour suppressor gene mdr1b multidrug resistance [real-time PCR (qPCR)] ROS generation Acetaminophen 715.4, 453.8 376.9% a dose dependant effect. The results highlighted protection potential phytoconstituents drug abuse harmful effects.